properties of plastics ppt Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS): A Comprehensive Guide on High Heat Plastic Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a high-performance, engineering thermoplastic characterized by an unusual combination of properties. Most plastics are light, chemically stable and do not rust. The chemical formula of polypropylene is (C3H6)n. 8 Million By 2022 In terms of revenue in 2014, the global market for polylactic acid Market was calculated to be USD 825. S. However, applications for recycled plastics are growing every day. The use of synthetic plastics results Typical properties of fibre reinforced polymers are outlined as well as those that can be modified/improved through composition changes. Plastics have revolutionized many industries for a number of different reasons to include the fact that they resist environmental degradation over time, are generally safe for human beings, are economical and widely available, and are produced with a wide variety of material properties that allow adaptation to many different applications. Microplastics consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound together in polymer chains. These plastics are generally called the ‘commodity’ plastics and constitute by far the properties. 6. gross plastic deformation. The most common type of plastic is polyethene, which is a thermoplastic. Learn about plastics, recycling of plastics, thermosetting plastic and thermoplastic, Types and Properties of plastics at BYJU'S. Free-Flow agents Pyrogenic silica significantly improves the flow properties of powdery sub-stances. What pump head is required to pump the mud to the bottom of the drill string ? The drilling mud has the properties of a Bingham plastic with a yield stress of 100 dyn/cm2, a limiting (plastic) viscosity of 35 cP, and a density of 1. Plastics can be engineered for specific uses by matching up the properties of the plastic to the job it will Properties of Plastic. . Engineering plastics offer unique product benefits based on physical properties, or combinations of physical properties, that allow vastly improved product performance. The main physical difference between the two is that one can be reused time and again, and the other cannot. The studies of properties of the plastic waste-blended bitumen show that the addition of plastic waste to bitumen increases softening point, decreases penetration value and ductility, increases flash point and fire point, increase Marshall stability value and improve anti-stripping properties. The difference between them is that plastic molecules have longer carbon chains than those in LPG, petrol, and diesel fuels. The plastic containers are used to store various kinds of materials,including many chemicals. 8MPa C Lower working temperature C Specific heat J K-1 kg-1 Thermal conductivity W m-1 K-1 Upper working temperature C A gorgeous bundle of activities to support the teaching of plastic as part of of the Materials and their Properties Science Topic. A temporary emulsion of tiny oil droplets in water will be formed. pressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions. 6 Plastic Deformations in Polycrystalline Metals • Majority of engineering alloys and metals are polycrystalline • Grain boundaries – act as diffusion barriers for dislocation movements • In practice: fine grain materials are stronger and harder (but less resistant to creep and corrosion) • Strength and grain size are related by Hall-Pelch properties, Electrical properties, Magnetic properties, Chemical properties, Optical properties, Physical properties, Acoustical properties, Radiological properties. Above structures prevent stress crystallization and thus has lower tensile and tear properties. ” Temperature changes the behavior even more. Plastics make the car lighter and that saves gas. These properties range from high temperature performance to dimensional stability and excellent electrical insulation properties. By the 1930s and ’40s, a polymer revolution was underway, with the creation of many now-ubiquitous materials such as neoprene, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, teflon, and fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). The Finnish Module Unit 1 Classification activities, learning basics of plastics, metals and paper Unit 2 POE-activities Unit 3 POLYPROPYLENE (PP) This polyolefin is readily formed by polymerizing propylene with suitable catalysts, generally aluminum alkyl and titanium tetrachloride. Wide choice of appearance, colors and transparencies Light weight but posses good strength and rigidity. elongation of amorphous tie chains 2. It also describes about thermoplastic, thermosetting plastic and their variety of usage. Inexpensive celluloid made material wealth more widespread and obtainable. properties, easy processability and relatively low cost . Generally polypropylene has demonstrated certain advantages in improved strength, stiffness and higher temperature capability over polyethylene. There are some properties of plastic as follows: 1. In Bangladesh, due to B. The plastic properties on pages 222/223 are exclusively applicable for Download Plastic PowerPoint templates (ppt) and Google Slides themes to create awesome presentations. 8 million by 2022, growing at a CAGR of 16. A well-made and maintained PVC pipe has the capability of providing service for up to a century. Same as LDPE, PP is considered a safer plastic option for food and drink use. They are strong and Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of simple chemicals, creating a vast array of plastics and synthetic fibers. Useful comparison tables which can be supplied as handouts. (Barnes et al. They will then conduct a scientific enquiry into single-use plastic products, identifying their properties, uses and environmental implications. PBT is most widely used as a 30% glass-filled blend. Plastic use continues to increase globally at a significant rate. Time to delve into a #plastic that is widely considered one of the most versatile: polypropylene! Properties of Plastics Disposal and the environment The plastics used for our products are environmentally neutral during disposal. Stabilizers are used to keep the polymer chains and the original molecular structure intact and therefore properties such as strength, stiffness and toughness can be retained over a longer period. Its chemical resistance properties make it a good choice as container for – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow. by Emily Ayshford, University of Chicago. Due to this,plastics are resistant to corrosion. Many designers looking for alternatives to metals are turning to plastic as the solution. Traditional free-swell testing to achieve the same level of characterization required approximately 30 days for the highly plastic clay evaluated in the study. Properties and Advantages of Acrylic Plastic PMMA polymer exhibits glass-like qualities – clarity, brilliance, transparency, translucence – at half the weight with up to 10 times the impact resistance. Both plastics and petroleum derived fuels are hydrocarbons that contain the elements of carbon and hydrogen. properties. You should understand: That monomer used affects a plastic’s properties Plastic’s properties change in different conditions Why plastic is good at it’s job. The factors behind the growth of plastic are low density, user-friendly designs, fabrication capabilities, long life, light weight, as well as low cost (Habib et al. Our machinable plastic types are frequently used to produce industrial plastics for applications in the automotive, manufacturing, engineering, electronic, food and transport industries. Thermoplastics have a wide variety of properties among the different material families, but we can further modify them and alter their properties with the addition of additives, fillers, and fibers. Insulations produced from foaming plastic resins create predominately closed cellular rigid materials. Plastic Pollution Differentiated Worksheet. Heat resistance. It is not as easily stretched and deformed as is LDPE. g. Many articles like chairs, tables, buckets, toys, balls, etc are made of plastic material. Polyisoprene Rubber (IR) Same cis structure as NR, but also contains low levels of 3,4 and trans 1,4 polyisoprene. Properties of concrete are divide into two major groups. e. the plastic-its hardness, brittleness, flexibil- ity, and heat-resistance. It is a strong, rigid and flexible material, often called “CELCON” with a low friction coefficient, good wear resistance. Providing an overview of the general characteristics and the mechanical and environmental stress response of engineering plastics, this article discusses various factors, including thermal, mechanical and electrical properties, environmental factors, and material cost that are important in the selection of Professional Plastics supplies plastic sheets, rods, tubing, films and fabricated parts to all major metro areas in the USA including: Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Birmingham, Boston, Buffalo, Charlotte, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Hartford, Houston, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Louisville, Memphis, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, Nashville, New Orleans, New York, Oklahoma City, Orlando, Philadelphia, Phoenix increasing plastic production and use in emerging economies looks set to continue, and waste management infrastructure will have to develop accordingly. This property allows for easy processing and facilitates recycling. The PET used in drinks bottles has a semi-crystalline structure, which means the plastic molecules are Outdoor Weathering of Plastics (ASTM D 1435, ISO‐877) Resistance of Plastic Materials to Fungi (ASTM G 21) Resistance of Plastic Materials to Bacteria (ASTM G 22) Limitations of Accelerated Microbial Growth Resistance Testing. 001) or 0. They are also often unaffected by various chemicals. 19. Mechanical Properties - stiffness T m T m T g stiffness Temperature Amorphous plastic Semi crystalline plastic 15. fThermoplastics (80%) No cross links between chains. A Filler is a substance which can be added to paints to increase its bulk volume without effecting its useful properties. Strength - Tensile and flexural (mechanical resistance) Flexural strength and tensile strength of plastic are two of the most commonly used values to compare materials. formability, machinability. 2 g/cm3. Plastic increases the melting point of the bitumen and makes the road retain its flexibility during winters resulting in its long life. Plastics differ from other materials largely because of the size of their molecules. The mechanical properties of materials define the behaviour of materials under the action of external forces called loads. Acrylonitrile is a synthetic monomer produced from propylene and ammonia; butadiene is a petroleum hydrocarbon obtained from the C4 fraction of steam cracking; styrene monomer is made by dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene — a hydrocarbon obtained in the reaction of ethylene and benzene. Let’s discuss PMMA properties & benefits in detail: A science lesson where pupils will discover what plastic is, why it was created and how it is made. The toxic properties are found in plastics, when heat is released from the food material in which they are covered and then they produce serious human health problems. 3. Learn more about this popular and recyclable superhero in the plastics family. There are a measure of strength and lasting characteristics of the material in service and are of good importance in the design of tools, machines, and structures. There is also a resin number 7 which correlates to “Other” plastics, which is either a plastic other than the common 6 or a mixture of the 6 and have varying properties depending on the composition of the plastic (American Chemistry Plastics are a group of very important materials that have a wide variety of uses. Take turns in explaining to a partner how the following molecular structures affect the overall properties of polymers : chain length, different side groups, chain branching, stereoregularity, chain flexibility, cross linking. Consuming Less Energy: The manufacturing process of plastic bag is energy efficient while the solid waste percentage is less. However, because of the high degree of sensitivity exhibited by many plastics to rate of straining and environmental conditions, data obtained by this test method cannot be considered valid for applications involving load-time scales or environments widely different from those of this test method. Presentation Summary : 50 tons of plastic waste per day. It is strong, flexible, with good machinability and a higher temperature resistance. CC-MIL/100 Sq. Its strength quality is somewhere between LDPE and HDPE. 2. This is because bioplastics are made from biomass, but may have exactly the same properties as ordinary plastic. 657. Modular plastic pieces are much easier to work with than asphalt. Engineering plastics are mainly used for applications where a good ratio between costs and properties are needed at moderate temperatures. The desirable properties of PBT include excellent dimensional stability, superior strength and stiffness, exceptional moldability and low mold shrinkage, low creep at elevated temperatures, excellent electrical (dielectric) properties, and good chemical resistance. PROPERTIES OF PLASTICS Less brittle than glass,hence can be made transparent and smooth. flexible. Due to their relatively low cost, ease of manufacture, versatility, and imperviousness to water, plastics are used in an enormous and expanding range of products, from Untreated plastic articles can be attacked by microbic growth causing unsightly discoloration, unpleasant odors, and polymer degradation issues. The challenge can be used flexibly as part of the formal science and design and technology curriculum in the UK, […] Production. Hi, This PPT explains the Plastic Manufacturing Properties and other info's of Plastic Engineering Plastic Engineering ppt Free Download; Results 1 to 1 of 1 . 2K views it economically sound and environment friendly. Fresh Concrete. Introduction to Mechanical Properties: General Considerations 2. Different types of thermoplastics have additional properties that make them especially well-suited to different jobs, but all thermoplastics share the same characteristic of flexibility when exposed to heat and force. 1 % 1. Properties of E-glass fibre and woven roving reinforced unsaturated polyester resins of varying compositions are also provided. It makes up much of the street side litter in urban and rural areas. Compared to PBT bio-based polyesters [45,47]: † provide a higher stiffness † feature very good dimensional stability and lower warpage † feature better thermal shock resistance † provide good electrical properties † are easier to process † provide a better surface gloss Toyota has typically used bio-based polypropylene/polylactic acid (PP/PLA) composite derived from plant material. It is important to know the general outstanding properties of plastics to make best use of this an engineering material. Plastics don’t need to be a single-use product or be treated as disposable. 700 g/cc apart from providing a pearly aesthetic look and barrier to light. 5. High tensile strength plastic products from Ensinger include: TECAMID 6 GF30 black. This is also called "Green Concrete". By definition, plastics can be made to different Low Temperature Properties of Polymers Introduction Most plastics at room temperature show their familiar properties of flexibility (a low Young’s modulus) and high resistance to cracking but when the temperature decreases this can change rapidly and many common plastics become brittle with low failure stresses. You should understand: That monomer used affects a plastic’s properties Plastic’s properties change in different conditions Why plastic is good at it’s job. Description: This presentation shows the different types of plastics Thermoplastics – High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Pet, Polypropylene (PP), Pmma, Polystyrene – PS, PVCc, Polyamide (PA), Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Styrene/ Acrylonitrile (SAN) and ABS and how each has properties for specific applications. Differentiated questions lifted from AQA book. Most materials have molecules made up of less than 300 atoms, plastics contain thousands of atoms. Compare plastic materials: Select two or more materials and then press "Compare Materials". The high absorption properties of plastics also allow the vehicle to meet stricter safety standards, while the use of engineering plastics allows for minimization of the mass of parts used in vehicles as they offer more design freedom compared to metals. Material Properties 45 An additional objective of this Chapter is the presentation of values for the major properties that are used for material classification and piping design, and a brief description of the methods based on which these properties are determined. Other desirable properties include superior corrosion and fatigue resistance compared to me-tals. Small load 3. Physical Properties: Physical properties of polymers include molecular weight, molar volume, density, degree of polymerization, crystallinity of material, and so on. ppt), PDF File (. About us: Physical properties of some common plastic materials are indicated below. 2 percent ( ε = 0. Durable and Weatherproof: Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Poly-mer Matrix Composite Materials D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-als D4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extru-sion Materials (PA) D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens Plastics can also be classified by various physical properties, such as density, tensile strength, glass transition temperature, and resistance to various chemical products. pdf), Text File (. The factors that influence the properties of the PP composites are mix or blend ratio, crystallization temperature, compatibility process time, and size [ 63 ]. tures. Plastic Material Selection Guide Author: Curbell Plastics - Plastics Supplier Subject: Plastic material selection guide to help you review the needs of your particular application and determine the plastic material candidate that can be tested. 008 spring 2004 S. hard magnetic soft flexible transparent 3. 3% from 2015 to 2022. And the plastics revolution was only getting started. tilting of lamellar crystallites towards the tensile axis 3. The stress to produce continued plastic deformation increases with increasing plastic strain, i. Natural rubber’s high resilience is only outperformed by some of the more recent man-made polyisoprenes and polybutadienes. e. It can be identified by observing some properties like it are clear, tough and softens at the temperature of 80° C. "K" values decline after initial use as the gas trapped within the cellular structure is eventually replaced by air. Plastic made up of large chains of monomers Formed in polymerisation reactions Slideshow 1460588 by Title: Different Types of Plastic. PPT The development of electrically conducting plastics is an upcoming industry. Sometimes, even monocrystalline materials, such as diamond and sapphire, are erroneously included under the term ceramics . Foamed plastics are light weight with excellent cutting characteristics. Glass is Fabric is Metal is Stone is Rubber is magnetic. Produced/sold over 50,000 gallons of oil and wax. It’s strong and rigid, and resists moisture, heat, chemicals and solvents. Allow both test tubes to stand for a short time. It is the designer's responsibility to select the appropriate fabrics for their intended applications, but it is the responsibility of the fabric producer to provide as much information as possible to help customers make appropriate fabric selections. 300,000 to 500,000 MW. These properties can the swelling properties of the soil within 24 hours of the start of testing. Plastic deformation is permanent slip of a plane ovr another plane in a specific direction Deformation of single crystal Movies: slip in poly-crystals More on slip later! Mechanical Properties of Metals Page 5 The three properties that all magnets have are that they all attract (or stick to) certain metals, they have north and south poles (ends), and two of the same poles will repel (or push away from Plastic pollution is globally distributed across all oceans due to its properties of buoyancy and durability, and the sorption of toxicants to plastic while traveling through the environment,, have led some researchers to claim that synthetic polymers in the ocean should be regarded as hazardous waste. For plastics, the definition of ‘high temperature’ is taken to mean ‘any temperature above 135°C and it is true that the majority of available plastics are suitable only for use at temperatures below this value. Their properties make them useful for objects such as cutlery, saucepans, cars and coins. And further, plastic to fuel (PTF) technologies offer the potential to manage landfill-bound plastics as a resource to create a valuable alternative fuel source. Properties of Plastics. We investigated here the effects of six Acetal is also known as polyoxymethylene (POM). 1. They also possess the following: High strength and stiffness (comparable to metals when in terms of specific properties) Retention of mechanical properties over a wide range of temperatures Plastic means permanent! Plastic Deformation (Metals) F δ linear elastic δplastic 1. Antimicrobial additives can be incorporated with plastic resins during compounding or as a masterbatch during molding and provide a biocide treatment to control microbes. Plastics & Rubber News. In a special grade of pearlised BOPP film, the density is further reduced to 0. This information can only be provided by raw materials suppliers, specialist plastics product designers and plastics processors but there is a need to get the basics of the product design right in the first Linear and non-linear viscous behavior (Fig to left) Competency is resistance of layers or objects to flow. Elastomers and some plastics stretch and are very flexible. 1. Plastics have taken the place of traditional materials like woods and metals. The supply of glasses shall be of diagonal gases from virgin LDPE properties of bopp films Polypropylene (PP) has the lowest density of 0. ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. Generally plastics are relatively permeable to small molecules such as gases, water vapour, organic vapours, and liquids, and they provide a broad range of mass transfer characteristics, ranging from excellent to low barrier values, which are important in the case of food products. 2-Ranking: combination of several fundamental and generally more subjective. PROPERTIES OF SOAP Emulsifying properties - Shake 5 drops of mineral oil in a test tube containing 5 mL of water. They are light in weight. Therefore, it is possible to convert waste plastic into fuels. The structure of the polymer determines if it is polar or non-polar and this determines many of the dielectric properties of the plastic. Plastics help make sports safety gear – such as plastic helmets, mouth guards, goggles and protective padding – lighter and stronger to help keep sports enthusiasts of all ages safe. Properties of Hardened Concrete . Plastics are generally low cost, easy to manufacture, durable, strong for their weight, electrically and thermally insulative, and resistant to shock, corrosion, chemicals, and water. 1 PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS In Chapter 1 it was shown that metals, polymers and ceramics have contrasting physical and chemical properties. Acronymns for plastics materials. Physical Properties 15%GF Polyester, PBT 1400 nylon 6/6 13%GF Density 0. Adapted from Fig. This is one of the world's most widely used polymers. Thermoplastic polymers are defined as plastics that soften and become supple on heating and solidify back on cooling . Bio-plastics are bio-based, biodegradable plastics with almost similar properties to synthetic plastics. transparent. Polybutadiene Rubber (BR) Good low temperature flexibility. Elastic Properties. At this time, a large portion of the plastic waste stream is still treated as “waste,” and there is a large opportunity to recover more of the plastics we use in the United States. , 2015). Create raw material for circular solutions Properties of plastics. The numbers 1-6 correlate with the type of plastic used and the numbers and polymer type can be seen in Table 1. Engineering plastics : have ability to replace metallic parts in applications such as automotive, appliances and housewares. The spectrum of applications of polymers is immense. Curbell Plastics supplier of high quality thermoplastic materials, technical assistance, custom plastic fabrication Subject: What most important to the application? Temperature, cost, mechanical properties, electrical insulation, FDA, chemical resistance? Plastic selection guide for material selection for your application. plastic behavior is to use an offset yield strength defined as the stress resulting from the intersection of a line drawn parallel to the original straight portion of the stress strain curve, but offset from the origin of this curve by some defined amount of strain, usually 0. Measurements of Electrical Properties Polymers are large molecules, a type of macromolecule. Plastic waste is used as modifier of bitumen to improve some of bitumen properties Roads that are constructed using plastic waste are known as Plastic Roads and are found to perform better compared to those constructed with conventional bitumen. Other types of thermoplastics include nylon, PVC and PVA. OPET - Oriented Polyethylene Terephthalate. 5. The density of a plastic sample may change due to change in crystallinity, loss of plasticizers, absorption of solvent, etc. 1)Plastic is chemically unreactive:Plastics do not react with air and water. Polyethylene is a lightweight, durable thermoplastic with variable crystalline structure. The radiation scale, of course, includes microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, and visible regions, but the emphasis in this chapter is on the latter. Electrical properties of plastics and polymer materials tested to specific standards for industries such as aerospace and building products. Commonly used extenders are: Chalk, gypsum, barite, silica and magnesium silicate. Introduction of plastic. Plastic made up of large chains of monomers Formed in polymerisation reactions Slideshow 1460588 by – good fatigue strength – good corrosion resistance, although polymers are soluble in various chemicals – low thermal expansion, leading to good dimensional stability – significant anisotropy in properties – These features make them attractive in aircraft, cars, trucks, boats, and sports equipment 15 The pressure at the bottom of the well is 4500 psi. Free + Easy to edit + Professional + Lots backgrounds. Check manufacturers' data. 5. Polymer optical properties testing will bring you insight to accelerate development and to optimise or troubleshoot production. Natural Rubber has a typical service temperature range between –67° F and +180° F. When these monomers undergo a process known as polymerization, a plastic or a sequentially joined long chain of polymer is formed. Cotton t-shirts and plastic spoons do not have much in common with bicycle frames or coffee mugs. The plastics can be stored on waste disposal sites without any problems as they do not give off any harmful substances to air, ground or water. Other takes Microplastics can affect biophysical properties of the soil. Plastic Deformation of Semicrystalline Polymers Plastic deformation is defined by the interaction between crystalline and amorphous regions and is partially reversible. Keywords The physical properties of these three polymeric substances differ from each other, and of course from their monomers. Properties of plastics. PETG - Extrustion Grade Polyethylene Terephthalate. Polypropylene properties vary according to molecular weight, method of production, and the copolymers involved. 5 Tensile properties provide useful data for plastics engineering design purposes. They have high electrical strength. Sometimes these plastics are biodegradable. 0509 lb/in ³ 0. Explain how the plastics industry is addressing the problem of sustainability in today's environment; Module 5. A resource created by us on behalf of Surfers Against Sewage who kindly allowed us to share here. Float/Sink: weight of the material helps to define this property. This new centrifuge methodology for evaluating the swelling potential of clay was found to produce Polypropylene Plastic is one of the most versatile types of plastic. It is a material consisting of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects. • HDPE is a rigid translucent solid which softens on heating above 100º C, and can be fashioned into various forms including films. Thermoplastics can be softened as often as they are reheated and are not so rigid as thermosetting plastics but tend to be rougher. Other chemicals, such as phthalates, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), are typically also present in microplastics, and many of these chemical additives leach out of the plastics after entering the environment. The difference between the two types of plastics can be remembered by memorizing the term thermoSETting: Once set, thermosetting plastics cannot be reformed for another use. What is Thermosetting Plastic. 005 in/in 0. A material sup-plier may have to be consulted for the correct input. There was a time when anything made of plastic was considered to be of inferior quality, but those days are past. Plastic accounts for approximately 10% of solid waste (Heap, 2009) and contributes 80% of the wastes accumulating on ocean surface, land, shorelines etc. Plastics. Most plastics deteriorate but do not decompose completely. Plastics do not behave like a spring (not a straight line), that is they are “non-linear. However, little is known about the cascade of events in fundamental levels of terrestrial ecosystems, i. To finalize the material for an engineering product or application, is it important to understand the mechanical properties of the material. The primary function of fibre reinforcement is to carry load along the length of the fiber and to provide strength and stiffness in one direction. txt) or view presentation slides online. Even at low temperatures, it still has very good creep resistance and geometry stability. Due to its low-density properties (branching) it breaks down more easily over time, leading to higher surface areas. Electrical properties of polymers, elastomers, composites and plastic films are very important to a wide range of industries such as automotive, aerospace, building products, marine, packaging and consumer Thermoplastics can be differentiated from the thermoset materials, They are the organic materials that melt when they are heated, They can be remelted back into the liquid, They are formed when they are in the melted or viscous phase, They are heated, formed & cooled in their final shape, whereas the thermoset plastics remain in the permanent solid state. Corrosion resistance Low electrical and thermal conductivity, insulator Easily formed into complex shapes, can be formed, casted and joined. Many forms of this material have a long lifespan that is equal to or greater than what other materials provided. 4. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic. Figure 5. Created By: PlasticsEurope. They have good corrossive resistance. 1 PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC When exposed to ambient solar radiation the plastic procedure two greenhouse gases, methane and ethylene. Since polymers are often used as clear plastics or coatings and have many applications in which transparency is an important property, a knowledge of the optical properties of specific polymers is essential. Lesson slides to teach AQA properties of polymers AQA 2. The size and shape of the file are determined by the size, shape, and contour of the article to be filed. 3. ABS is derived from acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Molded, shock-absorbent plastic foam helps keep feet stable and supported, while rugged plastics shells covering helmets and pads help protect heads, joints INTRODUCTION. 3. 45MPa C Heat-deflection temperature - 1. This review article covers the list of plastics and their applications, plastic degrading efficiency by microbes and their involvement to degrade the plastic waste. Polyester resins combine excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal properties with very good chemical resistance and dimensional stability. Unfortunately, the properties of plastic that make it so valuable also make its disposal problematic, such as its durability, light weight and low cost. Presentation Summary : All the same monomer Different monomers Addition polymerisation Copolymerisation Elastomers, plastics & fibres What decides the properties of a polymer? Pupils investigate the properties of plastics then find solutions to problems caused by plastic waste globally An exciting challenge for pupils aged 8-14 years to develop solutions to the problems caused by plastic waste globally. 43 g/cm 3. household use 45 pounds of PET plastic bottles and jars in a complete year. Many designers looking for alternatives to metals are turning to plastic as the solution. Unlike thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics have superior properties like high thermal stability, high rigidity, high dimensional stability, resistant to creep or deformation under load, high electrical and thermal insulating properties, etc. Ceramics are by definition natural or synthetic inorganic, non-metallic, polycrystalline materials. Plastic is one of the recent engineering materials which have appeared in the market all over the world. If this is the case, consumers still need to know whether the plastic is biodegradable in an industrial composting facility or in the natural environment. Key words: rubber, tire, PET, HDPE, mechanical properties. , 2009). soft. Experience over the past 15 years with advanced composite structures in military aircraft indicates Plastic refers to its ability to deform without breaking. ppt 1. PEN - Polyethylene Naphthalate. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS Anil K. The equations should be used only with very special input. The material has good electrical properties as an insulator, combined with high mechanical strength. The polymer used in making a plastics are usually a combination of additives, colorants, plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, and reinforcements. separation of crystalline block segments An FRP composite is defined as a polymer that is reinforced with a fibre. We need to make sure that the customer is aware of the properties and characteristics of the fabrics. For the foam of 16 kg/m3 density compressive properties were determined in a 0. The prepared polymer composite has the lowest porosity, homogeneous surface structure, and the greatest interface bonding. Following are the general properties of plastic. The creation of new materials also helped free people from the social and economic constraints imposed by the scarcity of natural resources. 1 % Linear Mold Shrinkage 0. The physical properties of plastics make them very difficult for enzymes to interact with. These known as manufacturing properties e. Toggle navigation. 7. 5 kN. Our new CrystalGraphics Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint is a collection of over 1000 impressively designed data-driven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Kerala, it is as high as 4 - 6%. Plastic Waste To Circular Feedstock PPT. Plastics can be blended with virgin plastic (plastic that has never familiar with properties and behaviour of common materials, their usage, microscopic models describing their properties and behaviour, and moreover, usage of (raw) materials in constructions and in manufacturing products. The synthetic Polyethylene terephthalate (PET or PETE), a strong, stiff synthetic fibre and resin and a member of the polyester family of polymers. Impact of Electric Vehicles on Polymer Consumption Most modern plastics are based on organic chemicals that offer manufacturers a huge range of physical properties that is still growing. From the properties analysis, both plastics contained sulfur (HDPE = 238 mg/kg, PP = 35 mg/kg). TECAMID 66 CF20 black. It is a linear hydrocarbon resin. In addition, shrinkage of the paint during the cure process may produce residual stresses. Further, styrene and acrylonitrile monomers can be copolymerized to form a random, amorphous copolymer that has good weatherability, stress crack resistance, and In addition, plastic can be used to improve strength and durability properties in road construction and pavement, as an insulator or conduit in building construction, as a raw material for textile Density measures the mass per unit volume. For example, plastics make possible bicycle helmets and child safety seats. Abstract. 5. Stress ( ) is related to the force causing the deformation Strain ( ) is a measure of the degree of deformation The elastic modulus is the constant of proportionality between stress and strain For sufficiently small stresses, the stress is directly proportional to the strain The constant of proportionality depends on the material being deformed and the nature of the plastics for particular applications depends on these properties. Density: G/CC. Good impact resistance. Initial 2. Thermoplastics. The addition of plastic in asphalt can reduce the viscosity of the mix. properties were determined in a 10 kN force range, 15 mm displacement range and a testing speed of 5 mm/min. Good transparency and wear resistance Plastics are not there to keep costs down, they do other things no metal can do. 15, Callister 5e. Circle the correct word. Further it has been found that such roads were not Plastics could protect the natural world from the destructive forces of human need. From the physico-mechanical characterization such as: hardness measurement, density measurement, void fraction or porosity measurement, and flexural strength measurement, it is The invention of plastic in the mid-19th century was followed by a period of significant industrial transformation. The material is lightweight it will float over the surface, therefore, they are floating material. Homogeneousstructuresareforexample copolymers or thermoplastic elastomers, built by chemical composition of two or more different monomer units in macromolecules. 41 to 1. OPP - Oriented Polypropylene. Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastic such as polystyrene to natural bio-polymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function. Latest breaking news and headlines in the rubber and plastic industry Thermoplastics are a subset of plastics that can be re-shaped with the application of pressure and heat multiple times. properties of polymers. Some plastics are transparent and durable for use in eyeglasses or safety goggles. PP - Polypropylene. Properties of Fresh Concrete. • Plastics can be machined, cast, formed, and joined with relative ease requiring little post-processing or surface- finish operations • Plastics melt or cure at relative low temperatures • Plastics require less energy to process than metals • Raw materials most commonly are pellets, powders • Also available as sheet, plate, rod, and tubing (produced by extrusion, etc. Modelling extension activities suggested for kinaesthetic learners. Thermophysical Properties of Linear Amorphous Polymers. approximating those under which the tests are made. FRP represents a class of materials that falls into a category referred to as composite materials. 0 million and is projected to reach USD 2,657. Unload planes still sheared F δelastic + plastic bonds stretch & planes shear δplastic Plastic deformation: yield and yield strength Yielding Proportional limit Yield strength Abstract. Kim 18 Polyethylene Ethylene is produced by cracking higher hydrocarbons of natural gas or petroleum LDPE commercialized in 1939 Density of 0. Addition of plasticizers make it soft and flexible for use in upholstery, electrical insulation, shower curtains and waterproof fabrics. With all the superior attributes of polymers, there are some difficulties with the material. Because the matrix decomposes at high tem-peratures, however, current PMCs are limited to service temperatures below about 600° F (316° C). Their chemical properties are similar to those of simple molecules. These materials ( Fillers ) are necessarily inert towards other components of paint. Polypropylene is a tough, rigid and crystalline thermoplastic produced from propene (or propylene) monomer. Also the most suitable end-of-life option depends on its properties. It is light, easily shaped, strong, and inexpensive. We may not think about them often, but versatile plastics inspire countless innovations that help make life better, healthier and safer every day. In many cases plastics are thrown away after The benefits of plastics are unmatched by any other material, says the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI). - anyof a group ofsyntheticornaturalorganic materials that maybeshapedwhensoftandthenhardened, including many typesofresins,resinoids,polymers,cellulosederivatives, casein materials,andproteins:usedinplace of other materials,asglass,wood,andmetals,inconstruction and decoration,formakingmanyarticles,ascoatings, and, drawn intofilaments,forweaving. There are two primary forms of plastic: thermoplastic and thermoset plastics, the use of which is dependent on the application. Appearance; Chemical resistance; Dimensional stability; Ductility Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint - Beautifully designed chart and diagram s for PowerPoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. PE Plastics Plastic is a surprisingly versatile material with elemental origins. plastics petroleum based origin. New approach could lead to designed plastics with specific properties. However, bio-based plastic products often have a very similar appearance compared to conventional fossil-based plastic products. com - id: 880477-N2Y5M engineering plastics uses and its properties - are a group of plastic materials that have better mechanical and/or thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view A clear, tough, polymer with exceptional gas and moisture barrier properties. Material selection procedure for design of plastic products will also be presented. Plastic strain is the permanent change in shape or size of a body without fracture, accumulated over time by a sustained stress beyond the elastic limit (yield point) of the material. dictionary. Sort plastic materials: Click the down or up arrows (triangles) or column headings to sort plastic materials or material properties. Match and copy. Permeable to light up to 92% for certain types. The elastic properties of plastics are therefore distinguished according to the time scale of the testing to short-time behavior (such as tensile test which lasts minutes), shock loading, the behavior under long-term and static CHAPTER 18: ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES and STRUCTURE of Semiconductors Gil Nonato Santos --s increases doping --reason: imperfection sites lower the activation energy to produce mobile electrons. 1 How much load or force will the part be required to carry? Properties of Plastics as a Construction Material. Polyesters also offer low moisture absorption and have good flow properties. , the metal strain-hardens. Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses. Plastics are composed of polymer molecules and various additives, polymers are long-chain molecules (also called giant molecules or macromolecules), which are formed by polymerization; that is, linking and cross-linking of different monomers. They are light in weight and is chemically stable. It is permanently deformed if the load is released to zero. Processes for manufacturing bitumen mix road using plastic waste. After recycling, the PET recycled can be used in carpet, clothing, protective packaging, tennis ball, etc. 1 Centre “Product Design for Sustainable Development”, Transilvania University of Braşov. com. A good deal of research is going into the development of such plastics. Low moisture absorbtion. 75 ÷ 2. The modulus of elasticity was determined within the load range of 0. Plastic properties and uses of common Thermoplastics and Thermosetting Plastics. Shredded plastic waste acts as a strong ―binding agent‖ for tar making the asphalt last long. The heating and cooling cycle within certain temperature limits can be applied to these materials several times without affecting their properties and without the need of any earlier chemical processing . Deformation Behavior of Polymers 3. Plastics are man-made materials. Credit: CC0 Public Domain Imagine a plastic bag that can carry home your groceries A novel low cost polymer composite using brown grass flower broom reinforcement is prepared. PROPERTIES OF PLASTICS The following properties are common with most of the plastics. PET possesses excellent high‐temperature properties, high strength and clarity, and has high oxygen and carbon dioxide barrier properties. 2. Plastic Collapsible Tubes Advantages: •Low In Cost, •Light In Weight, •Durable, Flexible •Pleasant To Touch, •Unbreakable, Leak Proof, •Odorless & Inert To Most Chemicals •Able To Retain Their Shape Throughout Their Use •Unique Suck Back Feature Disadvantages •Permeation Of Gases 46. transparent / opaque rigid / flexible hard / soft 2. , 2017). It explains properties and molecular structure of plastic. 925 g/cc Properties include good flex life, low warpage, and improved stress-crack resistance Properties of materials 1. Global plastic production has increased by 620% since 1975 and was estimated to be 288 million metric tonnes in 2012 (Jambeck et al. The other group, the thermosets, cannot be remelted. Plastics are non-biodegradable, synthetic polymers derived primarily from petro-fossil feedstock and made-up of long chain hydrocarbons with additives and can be moulded into finished products. General properties: POM is a translucent white material with the density of 1. Gas Trans. Pages/Slides: 13. 6. For removal of flash, files should have very sharp, thin- topped teeth that will hold their edge, well- MSE 2090: Introduction to Materials Science Chapter 19, Thermal Properties 2 Heat capacity The heat capacity, C, of a system is the ratio of the heat added to the system, or withdrawn from the system, to the ASA polymers are amorphous plastics, which have mechanical properties similar to those of the ABS resins However, the ASA properties are far less affected by outdoor weathering. Students will also be introduced to fracture mechanics of plastics. Second, high temperatures may relieve molded-in stresses in the plastic part, potentially causing warpage. For example, if the polymer contains a carbon-carbon double bond, as in poly (but-1,3-diene), it will undergo additions reactions with, say hydrogen or bromine. Optical properties of polymers, such as, gloss, transparency, clarity, haze, colour, surface aspect and refractive index, are closely linked to our perception of a plastic product’s quality and visual performance. The insulate, absorb vibration, make the car absorb energy from a crash without it doing as much damage to your body. Elements from the periodic table, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, are the building blocks for a variety of plastics used to make many of the products we use every day. Fresh concrete is that stage of concrete in which concrete can be moulded and it is in plastic state. 3-4 Earth and Space Sciences Australian Curriculum Learning Pack. , starting with the changes in soil abiotic properties and propagating across the various components of soil–plant interactions, including soil microbial communities and plant traits. Detailed plastic product design will always require detailed knowledge of the application, the processing method and the selected plastic. 910 - 0. ADVANTAGES: Natural rubber has excellent tensile, elongation, tear resistance, resilience, and electrical insulation. Due to long residence times in the environment (Andrady, 2011) and poor waste management practices , the Codes for plastics 1 PET 2 HDPE 3Vinyl/PVC 4LDPE 5PP 6PS 7Other 1 2. This allows a lower working temperature, which lowers VOC and CO emissions. Stages of plastic deformation: 1. Repeat the same test, but this time add a small piece of the soap you prepared before shaking the test tube. engineering plastics uses and its properties - are a group of plastic materials that have better mechanical and/or thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view Plastics . What is Plastic? - Plastics are defined as a group of synthetic resinous or other substances that can be moulded into any form. Plastics. They have good resistance to most of the chemical. Properties of plastic Plastic have many good characteristics which include versatility, light-ness, hardness, and resistant to chemicals, water and impact. Bhowmick Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India Keywords: Mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, stress, strain, polymer, plastics, elastomers, rubber Contents 1. It is rapidly filling up landfills as choking water Plastics are nothing but synthetic organic high polymers. 006 in/in 16. Protecting Plastics with Stabilizers Plastics can be protected from thermal degradation by incorporating stabilizers into them. 905 g/cc of all the plastics available till now. Outdoor Exposure Test for Studying the Resistance of Plastic Materials to Fungi and Bacteria and its Limitations Process of unloading during plastic deformation, establishes a new yield strength point, higher than previous one. Examples of non-polar plastics are PTFE (and many other fluoropolymers), PE, PP and PS and these materials tend to have high resistivities and low dielectric constants. Plastic-bitumen composite roads have better wear resistance than standard asphalt concrete roads. Easily moulded into different shapes and sizes. The plastic and packaging material used by OKW are on the whole harmless and, apart from some exceptions, can easily be recycled and reutilized. Format: PowerPoint. View plastic materials found under a specific property group: Click on the tab of a specific property group. Thermal Properties of Plastic Materials Material Formula Coefficient of thermal expansion x10-6 K-1 Heat-deflection temperature - 0. Chemical Properties of Plastic. Included is an informative, child friendly powerpoint presentation, a cut and stick activity and a wordmat. Fibers (nylon, polyester) 2) Elastomers (rubbers) — moderately cross -linked Different types of plastics are known to possess different physical and chemical properties. PET is spun into fibres for permanent-press fabrics and blow-molded into disposable beverage bottles. The volume of the specimen remains constant during plastic deformation, A·L = A 0·L 0 and as the specimen elongates, it Basically, plastics containers consist of organic materials whose molecules have high molar masses and are composed of a large number of repeating relatively small units referred to as monomers. However, more impurities such as nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium (963 mg/kg, 47 mg/kg, and 103 mg/kg) additionally found in the HDPE waste obtained from the agriculture. Other engineering properties such as fatigue resistance, flammability, chemical resistance, and electrical properties will be presented. Properties of Shapes Fractions, KS2 Plastic PowerPoint. Introduction Global warming is a major environmental problem. Plastic is the third most commonly used petroleum derivative in the world; each year 200 million tons of plastic are consumed on the planet. Plastics include POM, PTFE, PTFE, PCTFE, LDPE, PFA, FEP, UHMW, PVC, HDPE, PAI, PI, PP, HIPS, ABS, ETFE, ECTFE, PEEK, PVDF, ABS plastic. Plastic. It comes from a non-renewable source (petroleum), it is contaminating and non-biodegradable (it can take more than 1000 years to decompose). Biodegradable plastic bags leave no trace behind and are safe for the environment. 2. Often used for medical application pouches, boil‐in‐bag applications, meat, snack, and baked goods, PET is an important player in the field of flexible packaging. Plastic Mechanical Properties 17. Write the properties of these materials. 1) Thermoplastics (plastics) — linear, some cross -linking can be melted and reformed on heating a) Amorphous — no ordered structure b) Semi -crystalline — compo sed of microscopic crystallites — domains of crystalline structure. Good mechanical properties, slightly brittle. Other properties similar to NR . The use of engineer-grade plastics such as PBT will increase due to issues surrounding corrosion of metals and high costs to minimize that problem. The use of engineer-grade plastics such as PBT will increase due to issues surrounding corrosion of metals and high costs to minimize that problem. The Structure And Properties Of Polymers 986251 PPT. In. com - id: 8d48a-ZDc1Z. By itself it is quite rigid and used in construction materials such as pipes, house siding, flooring. plastics. Definition of Plastic from www. The properties of ceramics, however, also depend on their microstructure. On an average, a U. Plastics are viscoelastic materials meaning that under applied stress, their deformation increases with time (creep). These polymers are broken in presence of suitable catalyst, into monomers such as ethylene, propylene, vinyl, styrene and benzene. Plastics are materials made from chemicals and are not found in nature. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the material by the volume and is normally expressed in g/cm 3. It is one of the most widely produced plastics in the world (tens of millions of tons are produced worldwide each year). Examples: Insoluble materials like Sawdust, Oil, Plastic and Wood. They can be made transperent or color. Good insulation and low thermal Engineering plastics consist of polymers that put forward a mixture of properties, including superior strength, stiffness, robustness and resistance to wear, resistance to chemical attack and heat resistance. A plastic bag consumes up to 40% less energy to make and causes 70 % less solid waste than a paper bag. concerns in the world. Introduction. It is more robust and have less risk of damage. Besides in thermal vests, and car parts, PP is also included in the disposable diaper and sanitary pad liners. The mechanical properties of a material are those which affect the mechanical strength and ability of a material to be molded in suitable shape. Stiffer and more resistant to heat, PP is widely used for hot food containers. High abrasion resistance. 2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, 4. Plastic. Plastic is one of the most disposable materials in the modern world. Some More Properties Of Materials. PP is among the cheapest plastics available today. - Oxygen Barrier. - 24 HR (lower = better) Properties. The additional requirement of a heated print bed means there are some printers simply incapable of printing ABS with any reliability. 1 percent ( ε = 0. 4. Composite materials consist of two or more materials that retain their First, they promote solvent diffusion into the plastic, potentially accelerating any solvent-related effects. For each application, the requirements for properties are specific and there are a number of ways to meet the requirements, such as mixing polymers with various types of additives, blending two or more polymers, combining polymers with particulate or fibrous Global Polylactic Acid (PLA) Market Is Projected To Reach USD 2. mechanical properties such as hard - ness, tensile strength, elongation at break and tear resistance (notch resis - tance). To learn more about the properties of plastics and other related concepts such as plastic pollution, register with BYJU’S and download the mobile application on your smartphone. Its ability to guard against contamination makes it useful in sterile medical environments such as hospitals. relationship to measurable properties of plastics. Construction plastics have an average lifespan of 35 years. In Plastics, the arrangement of the individualunits may be linear or cross linkedLinear or lightly cross-linked polymers forma class of plastics called thermoplasticsHeavy cross-linking plastics are calledthermosetting plastics 2. The Plastics Division of the American Chemistry Council (ACC) represents leading manufacturers of plastic resins. These additives affect the chemical composition, properties, and mechanical properties of plastics and affect its cost. Engineering polyesters are engineering thermoplastics based on PBT (Polybutylene terephthalate) and PET (Polyethylene terephthalate). Keywords Properties of plastics. Weak attractive forces between chains broken by warming. As a consequence, they cannot be easily distinguished by consumers. 0444 lb/in ³ Water Absorption 0. hard. Can be ordered . Superior from optical point of view. Plastics can be moulded to any desired shape and size. are a group of plastic materials that have better mechanical and/or thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow. 5 kN force range, 15 mm displacement range and at a testing speed of Characteristics of Polymers The majority of manufactured polymers are thermoplastic, meaning that once the polymer is formed it can be heated and reformed over and over again. Plastic Type General Properties Common Household Uses Polyethylene Terepthalate Good gas & moisture barrier properties Mineral Water, fizzy drink and beer bottles High heat resistance Pre-prepared 1 Material Properties of Plastics Plastics as polymer mixtures are composed of two or more polymers with homogeneousorheterogeneousstructure. ) • Liquid plastics used to make reinforced plastic parts (composite materials) PTT is an aromatic polyester with combined properties of PET and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT). . The required system properties can be individually tailored by means of the active filler pyrogenic silica. properties of plastics ppt